SAES-B-054 스펙입니다. 온쇼어, 오프쇼어 플랜트 시설에서 정비, 오퍼레이션을 위해서 이에 따른 접근, 출입구, 장비 조작등을 하기 위한 최소한의 가이드라인입니다. 유지보수를 위해서 적어도 이 스펙만큼은 지켜라 뭐 이런 거 같아요.
Scope: Access, egress, and materials handling requirements for maintenance and operation of onshore and offshore plant facilities.
1. Scope
2. Conflicts and Deviations
3. References
4. Definitions
5. Access and Egress Requirements
6. Materials Handling for Operations
7. Materials Handling Equipment
8. Modification to ANSI A1264.1
9. Modifications to ANSI A14.3
10. Moditications to PIP STF05501
목차 패스
5 Access and Egress Requirements
5. 입출구 요구조건
5.1 General
Plant facilities shall be provided with acceptable access and egress for personnel, materials, and equipment by using access ways, ladders, roads, stairways(계단), stiles(층계형 출입구), and walking/working surfaces (decks, floors, grade, platforms, ramps(경사로), runways, and walkways) based on the requirements in this standard.
결론은 정비하다가 혹은 시설물을 걸어다니다가 다치면 안되니까 최소한으로 이정도 안전장치는 해놓아라 이런 거 같아요.
5.2 Access Requirements for Equipment Regularly Operated or Maintained or Operated in an Emergency
For equipment regularly operated or maintained or operated in an emergency, such as valve hand wheels, instrumentation, controls, and their associated manifolds, the distance, if located outside the handrails, from a fixed walking/working surface to the operating point shall be between 500 mm and 1500 mm vertically and a maximum of 510 mm horizontally. It shall be located away from top rail, midrails, and supports to allow access.
수직으로 500mm 및 1500mm, 수평으로 최대 510mm. 접근을 허용하려면 상단 레일, 미드 레일 및 지지대에서 멀리 떨어져 있어야합니다. 정비할 수 있는 부품이 높이 500~1500mm 정도에 있어야 하고, (너무 낮으면 쪼그려 앉아야 하고 너무 높으면 손이 안닿으니) 그리고 손이 닿을 수 있게 적어도 510mm이내에서 손에 닿을 수 있어야 합니다. 높이는 맞는데 내 손이 안닿으면 무용지물
Note: Access is also acceptable for instrumentation, controls, and associated manifolds if the distance from the outside of a fixed ladder or fixed stairs to the operating point does not exceed 510 mm.
5.6 Requirements for Primary and Secondary Access/Egress to Elevated Work Areas
5.6.1 If the frequency of use is daily, a fixed stairway shall be provided as primary access to and egress from each elevated working area. If the frequency of use is less than daily, a stairway shall be provided if materials, tools or other equipment normally must be carried for operating or maintenance, or if there is a potential for exposure to injurious chemicals or material at the elevated working surface.
5.6.2 A secondary means of egress (which may be either a fixed ladder or a fixed stairway) shall be provided for each elevated working surface if:
5.6.2 다음과 같은 경우 각 높은 작업 표면에 보조 탈출 수단 (고정 사다리 또는 고정 계단 일 수 있음)이 제공되어야합니다.
a) The location is 3 m or more above grade, floor, sea, or deck level and has 19 m² or more area, or if:
b) There is a potential spill or fire hazard or injurious chemical exposure that could block access to an exit.
This secondary means of egress shall be within 25 m horizontally from all areas where operating or maintenance personnel may be working. For platforms requiring more than one means of egress, the means of egress shall be located as far from each other as is practicable.
높은 곳에서 작업시는 혹시 모를 사고에 대비해 추가 탈출구가 필요합니다. 추가 탈출구는 적어도 25m 이내에 있어야 합니다.
5.6.3 An escape path of solid steel flooring at least 760 mm wide shall be provided where the escape route would otherwise traverse open grating with fire hazardous equipment below. Egress (escape) routes shall not traverse open grating over fire-hazardous equipment. All edges must be installed so there is no trip hazard.
5.6.4 Dead ends in elevated work areas shall not be over 7.6 m long.
정비 공간 혹은 걸어갈 수 있는 공간 폭은 적어도 760mm은 되어야 합니다. 지나가다 혹시 너무 좁아서 뜨거운 장비를 만지기라도 하면 사고가 날 수 있으니 넉넉하게 760mm은 확보하라는 요구조건
5.7 Access/Egress Clearances for Personnel
5.7.1 Minimum clear width of walking/surfaces, stairways, and stiles shall be 760 mm. 똑같은 얘기
Exceptions: 하지만 예외도 있습니다.
a) The minimum clear width for tank stairways shall be per Section 7, paragraph (6.3).
b) The minimum clear width shall be 910 mm where working area is needed such as in the front of a manhole for servicing trays, the end of a heat exchanger for servicing the bonnet, channel, and tube bundle, or around rotating equipment.
c) The minimum clear width of aisles shall be 1,020 mm. (An aisle is personnel walking space around equipment at grade level.)
5.7.2 The minimum headroom above walking/working surfaces shall be 2,030 mm, measured to the lowest point of an overhead obstacle.
머리 콩하지 않게 적어도 2,030mm높이는 띄워져야 합니다.
5.7.3 The minimum vertical clearance under vertical furnaces shall be 2,030 mm.
5.7.4 The vertical clearance above any stair tread to an overhead obstruction shall be at least 2,030 mm measured from the leading edge of the tread.
5.7.5 Refer to SAES-B-055 for clearances needed for firefighting and other emergency equipment.
5.8 Grating, Tread, and Surface Treatments
5.8.1 Grating shall be fabricated per PIP STF05530 and 12-SAMSS-007.
5.8.2 Stair treads shall be of a steel grating type with an abrasive nosing.
Exception:
Alternative materials allowed by Section 7, paragraph 6.15.
5.8.3 Walking surfaces that are not constructed of gratings and could be exposed to a slippery fluid, such as water or oil, shall have a nonskid surface, i.e., anti-skid paint on steel plate (see SAES-H-001, APCS-12).
5.8.4 Steel plate with diamond or other patterns may be provided but does not cancel the requirement for anti-skid paint.
Note: Past versions of this standard prohibited diamond-pattern (“checker-plate”) steel platform plating, for the reason that such plating has not found to have substantially better skid resistance than ordinary nonpattern steel plating. In many cases, Saudi Aramco projects have paid a premium for diamond-pattern plating, only to find that they still have to paint it with anti-skid paint. It seems that some facilities prefer diamond-pattern plating regardless, or prefer to match existing construction. In order to avoid the necessity of a waiver, the prohibition against diamond-pattern plating has been removed, but the anti-skid paint requirement still stands.
5.8.5 Deck plates and grating around equipment such as pumps, drivers, and compressors shall be removable to allow easy access for maintenance. All removable deck plates and grating shall be held in place with bolts and/or clips.
내 인생도 이렇게 삶의 기준이 정착되어 있으면 좋겠다. 요새 너무 하루살이 처럼 사는 거 같아서....